The 45th-ranked Bolelli instead opted to play tour events in Bangkok, Thailand, and Tokyo this week and next.
Monday's ban prevents Bolelli from playing in Davis Cup and the Olympics. It will also prevent him from getting wild cards that are assigned for select tournaments by the federation.
Bolelli said he told Italy captain Corrado Barrazzutti well in advance of the tie that he preferred to work on his fast-court game in Asia.
Italy beat Latvia 3-2 in a Europe-Africa zone relegation playoff in Montecatini, led by 28th-ranked Andreas Seppi, No. 72 Fabio Fognini and No. 76 Potito Starace.
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